Pilot

This guide was written for the REDRUM Roleplay FiveM server. To sign up for REDRUM Roleplay, click here.

LSPA Mission Statement

Los Santos Pilot Association’s mission is to establish a world-class airport committed to providing the best passenger experience while continuing our efforts in supporting economic development for our city.

LSPA Core Values

Ensure the highest degree of safety and security for our cargo, passengers, tenants, and staff.

General LSPA Code of Conduct

You are expected to conduct yourself in a professional manner while on duty.
You are expected to follow all server rules without exception.
All members of the RedrumRP Pilots Association are required to have a working, audible microphone while in the server.
All members of the RedrumRP Pilots Association are required to be connected to the pilot radio channel in discord while flying.

Pilot Hiring Process

Apply to work as a Pilot at the Job Center in-game.
Fill out the application in Discord (in-character).
After reviewing your application, you will be notified by the lead pilot if you have been accepted to a pilot position.
Upon being accepted, you will gain access to the Discord pilot channels and earn the minimum pilot salary.
Use the Pilot Discord channel to contact the lead pilot to begin your training.

Basic Pilot Rules

Only fly aircraft that you have been authorized to pilot.
DO NOT land airplanes in public areas. This includes parking garages, streets, or buildings.
- Helicopters are allowed to land in public places at the pilot’s discretion as long as they may do so safely with respect to themselves, the aircraft, people, and property within the vicinity.
First time offense is a warning, second time offense is suspension, and a third offense will result in termination.
Do not put lives in danger with reckless maneuvering, passengers or ground civilians.

Minimum Safe Altitudes

Except when necessary for takeoff or landing, no person may operate an aircraft below the following altitudes:

An altitude allowing, if a power unit fails, an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface.
Over any congested area of a city, town, or settlement, or over any open air assembly of persons, an altitude of 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2.000 feet of the aircraft.
An altitude of 500 feet above the surface except over open water or sparsely populated areas. In that case, the aircraft may not be operated closer than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure.
Helicopters may be operated at less than the minimums prescribed in the above sections if the operation is conducted without hazard to persons or property on the surface. In addition, each person operating a helicopter shall comply with routes or altitudes specifically prescribed for helicopters.
Helicopter operations may be conducted below the minimum altitudes set for fixed-wing aircraft due to its vertical lift characteristics.

The Pilot’s Attitude

Airmanship

The consistent use of good judgment and well-developed skills to accomplish flight objectives.

This consistency is founded on a cornerstone of uncompromising flight discipline and is developed through systematic skill acquisition and proficiency. A high state of situational awareness completes the airmanship picture and is obtained through knowledge of one’s self, aircraft, environment, team and risk.

Discipline

The will and ability to fly safely.

Adhere to SOPs and rules. Control your attitude. Don’t take chances in order to impress others or make flying more exciting. Focus on immediate safety issues and prioritize tasks. Think ahead and plan for problems that could occur.

Skill and Proficiency

Developed through training and mastered through experience.

Practice perceptual-motor and cognitive skills. Practice under high stress, time pressure and high workload. Take recurrent training seriously. Practice recognizing when you have lost Situational Awareness. Study decision making; look at good and bad decisions others have made. Practice communicating with a variety of people know how to assess yourself and the team. Practice abnormal situations.

Knowledge

Know your aircraft, environment, risks, mission, yourself and your team.

Understand all systems of the aircraft. Know the limits of the aircraft. Be aware of risks associated with maneuvers. Review emergency procedures for the aircraft. Review the flight plan. Review flight conditionsKnow your own limitations. Know the capabilities of other crew members .Ask for help if you do not know something.

Situational Awareness

The ability to gather information, interpret that information, and plan accordingly.

Gather as much information related to the flight as possible. Understand which information is important and which is not. Plan ahead and create a mental model of what should occur. Constantly search for new relevant information. Update your mental model based on new information. Manage stressors that may affect situational awareness.

Judgment

To Evaluate and decide.

Know how much time you have to make a decision. Eliminate as much uncertainty as possible. Use discipline, skill and proficiency, knowledge and situational awareness to evaluate the consequences of your decision. Ask others for input if time permits. Fully commit to your decision.

Ground School

Understanding Runways

A Word on Headings

In the aviation world, the direction, or heading, is stated in degrees of angle, of the 360 degrees of the compass.

North = 0 degrees
Northeast = 45 degrees
East = 90 degrees
Southeast = 135 degrees
South = 180 degrees
Southwest = 225 degrees
West = 270 degrees
Northwest = 315 degrees

Runway Numbers

You may have noticed the numbers at either end of the runways at your local airport. These numbers indicate the heading direction aircraft will take off and land using that runway.

A couple of rules:

Always refer to runway numbers by individual digits. Runway 21 is stated as “Runway Two-One”
Runway numbers are identified by the FIRST TWO digits of the heading for that runway. A runway running north-northeast may have a heading of 033, however would just be called runway “Zero-Three.”
Runways always run in two directions that are 180-degrees apart. Such a 180-degree opposite heading is referred to as the “reciprocal” heading. *** Pay attention to radio calls for reciprocal headings from other pilots: they might be coming straight at you trying to take off or land!!!***

Refer to the airport diagrams for the runway numbers at the airport/field/strip relevant to you.

MEMORIZE THE RUNWAYS: THEY AREN’T ALWAYS LABELLED!

Airfield Diagrams

Coming soon…

Communication Procedures

Aviate, Navigate, Communicate: Prioritizing Your Workload

Piloting an aircraft isn’t just one task, rather, it’s the combination of a great many tasks at once. As such, flying, at times, can overwhelm a pilot’s ability to take in and process information as well as their ability to multitask. It is for this reason that those in the aviation world follow the following adage:

Aviate, navigate, communicate.

Aviate - Any task that keeps your aircraft flying through the air safely, protecting yourself and its occupants as well as people and property on the ground. This includes paying attention to your gauges and instruments, and watching the horizon and ground to help stay aloft and in control, when able.

This takes precedence over…

Navigate - Any task that keeps your aircraft headed in the direction you intend, but also avoiding obstacles at low altitude, as well as avoiding other aircraft occupying the same airspace.

… which takes precedence over…

Communicate - Stating your intentions, conditions, and requests for information from both Air Traffic Control and other pilots.

You’re the pilot in command, and your first responsibility is the safety of your aircraft and everyone in it.

RedrumRP Radio Communications:

Radio communication allow us to create a critical link between ATC and other pilots. This link is a necessary bond between pilots and controllers. If this link is broken it can end in disastrous results. It is our job as pilots to maintain superb communication skills, which in return allow for safety not just for pilots and controllers but also for those on the ground. The following discussions are what is expected of all pilots in RedrumRP. These are basic procedures which highlights safe operating concepts for new and seasoned pilots.

The single, most important aspect in pilot‐controller communications is understanding. Controllers and other pilots must know exactly what you want to do. This ensures the safety of yourself, others and the aircraft. Concise phraseology may not always be adequate, use whatever words are necessary to get your message across. Pilots are to maintain vigilance in monitoring air traffic control radio communications frequencies for potential traffic conflicts with their aircraft especially when operating on an active runway and/or when conducting a final approach to landing.

Radio Technique:

Listen before you transmit. Many times you will get the information desired by listening. This will allow for cleaner and more concise radio traffic. If you hear someone else talking let them finish before keying your transmitter. Clogged radio frequencies can be a recipe for disaster.

Nato Phonetic Alphabet:

Alpha	Bravo	Charlie	Delta	Echo
Foxtrot	Golf	Hotel	India	Juliet
Kilo	Lima	Mike	November	Oscar
Papa	Quebec	Romeo	Sierra	Tango
Uniform	Victor	Whiskey	X-Ray	Yankee
Zulu

The aviation and medical industries use the NATO Phonetic Alphabet. This is crucial to these personnel as it allows the to transmit clear and concise message to air traffic while flying.

Contact Procedures

Initial Contact

Use the following format;

1. Name of the facility being called
2. Your full aircraft identification (Aircraft Model)(Pilot Call Sign OR Aircraft Tail Number)
3. When operating on an airport surface, state your position
4. State your request

Example: “Los Santos Ground, Mammatus Three Seven One Echo Mike, Devin Westin, Requesting Permission to Taxi to Runway Three Zero Left.”

Example: “Sandy Shores Tower, F4, Maverick, Hangar 39, Requesting Push-Off and Permission to Taxi to Runway One Eight.”

Example: “Los Santos Ground, Helicopter Two Three Zero Mike Papa, Heli Pad Two Requesting Permission to Lift Off Heading North.

Takeoff Request

Use the following format;

1. Name of the facility being called
2. Your full aircraft identification (Aircraft Model)(Pilot Call Sign OR Aircraft Tail Number)
3. State your position
4. State your request

Example: “Los Santos Tower, Mallard, Red Star, holding short, runway 12 Lima, request takeoff, runway heading for departure.”

Inbound Request

Inbound requests are to notify a tower that they are your intended destination, but you are not in range for a landing request yet.

Use the following format;

1. Name of the facility being called
2. Your full aircraft identification (Aircraft Model)(Pilot Call Sign OR Aircraft Tail Number)
3. State "Inbound for landing."

Landing Request

Use the following format;

1. Name of the facility being called
2. Your full aircraft identification (Aircraft Model)(Pilot Call Sign OR Aircraft Tail Number)
3. State your request (remember full-stop, or touch-and-go, runway number)

Example: “Sandy Shores Tower, Alpha Z1, Six Seven Nine-er November Papa, request landing, runway 08 Romeo.”

Declaring an Emergency

Pilots that declare an emergency with their aircraft are to be given the utmost priority by ATC and other pilots in the air. This typically affects the priority the ailing aircraft will get when landing. This should ONLY be used in an emergency.

Use the following format;

1. Declare "Mayday, Mayday, Mayday"
2. Your full aircraft identification (Aircraft Model)(Pilot Call Sign OR Aircraft Tail Number)
3. State "Declaring an Emergency"
4. State your immediate need or request

Example: “Mayday Mayday Mayday, Dodo, Lima Sierra Six Niner Four Two, declaring an emergency, inbound for immediate landing, Runway 3, Los Santos.”

At that time, ATC may ask you details about your emergency so that they can better assist with the situation, both while you’re in-air, and after you’ve landed.